Benign adenomas of the pituitary gland are by far the most common disorders of sellar region. Among the syndromes to which the student of neurology is quite early exposed is the foster kennedy syndrome or sign. Foster kennedy syndrome fks consists of a clinical triad of optic atrophy in one eye, papilledema in the contralateral eye, and anosmia, caused by spaceoccupying anterior fossa masses. Diagnose and manage pseudofoster kennedy syndrome american. Dr robert foster kennedy md frse 18841952 was an irishborn neurologist largely working in america. Pseudo foster kennedy syndrome is defined as onesided optic atrophy with papilledema in the. Foster kennedy syndrome, named after neurologist robert foster kennedy 18841952, describes ipsilateral optic atrophy with contralateral papilledema from an intracranial mass. Somewhat comically, pseudopseudopseudo foster kennedy syndrome has also been suggested as a descriptor for a mass lesion that causes indirect unilateral optic nerve compression 11.
Foster kennedy article about foster kennedy by the free. May 23, 2011 foster kennedy s syndrome fks is a rare neurological sign first described in 1911 by robert foster kennedy. Foster kennedy syndrome produced by myelomatous deposits. Kennedys disease is an xlinked recessive disease, which means the patients mother carries the defective gene on one of her x chromosomes. An aggressive sphenoid wing meningioma causing foster. Aug 26, 2010 foster kennedy syndrome is uncommon, and numerous case series show its incidence to be less than 1% in conjunction with intracranial neoplasms. Pseudo foster kennedy syndrome is described as unilateral optic disc swelling with contralateral optic atrophy in the absence of an intracranial mass causing compression of the optic nerve. Foster kennedy syndrome is characterized by unilateral visual loss with a compressive optic atrophy in one eye and contralateral papilledema caused by increased intracranial pressure.
First described in 1911, the foster kennedy syndrome also known as gowerspatonkennedy syndrome originates from a retrobulbar compressive optic neuropathy commonly caused by sphenoid wing meningioma, frontal lobe glioma, optic neuroglioma, olfactory glioma, chiasmal. We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. Foster kennedy syndrome is characterized by unilateral optic atrophy, central scotoma, anosmia, and contralateral disc edema kennedy, 1911. This rare clinical entity is called fosterkennedy syndrome fks. Kennedys disease is a rare inherited neuromuscular disorder that causes progressive weakening and wasting of the muscles, particularly the arms and legs. Pseudofosterkennedy syndrome with optic nerve compression. An atypical case of foster kennedy syndrome article pdf available in interventional neuroradiology 164. We describe a case of pseudofoster kennedy syndrome in a two year old boy. Foster kennedy syndrome is a rare entity found with intracranial neoplasms.
The foster kennedy syndrome homolateral optic atrophy and contralateral papilledema with an inferior frontal tumorwas characterized under the stimulating support. The differentiating and distinguishing features of both conditions are detailed below. Foster kennedys syndrome is a constellation of symptoms and signs associated with tumors of the frontal lobe of the brain. Foster kennedy syndrome by bhura prabha and mishra r topics. Feldon, clinical and computed tomographic findings in the foster kennedy syndrome, american journal of ophthalmology, 1982, 93, 3, 317crossref pdf info. Foster kennedy syndrome jama neurology jama network. Pseudofoster kennedy syndrome due to diabetic papillopathy. A case of foster kennedy syndrome without frontal lobe or. Foster kennedy syndrome is uncommon, and numerous case series show its incidence to be less than 1% in conjunction with intracranial neoplasms. Foster kennedy syndrome was first described in 1911 by the neurologist robert foster kennedy, who characterized the disorder as compression of one optic nerve by a subfrontal meningioma, resulting in optic nerve head pallor, with increased intracranial pressure causing contralateral optic nerve head edema. Foster kennedy syndrome with posttraumatic arachnoiditis of the optic chiasm and base of frontal lobes. Please use one of the following formats to cite this article in your essay, paper or report. Foster kennedy syndrome refers to a constellation of findings associated with brain tumors involving the frontal lobe.
A large frontal lobe, olfactory groove, or medial third sphenoidal wing tumor, usually a meningioma, creates this syndrome. However, this entity should properly fall under the definition of pseudo foster kennedy syndrome. If the inline pdf is not rendering correctly, you can download the pdf file here. Pseudofoster kennedy syndrome is described as unilateral optic disc swelling with contralateral optic atrophy in the absence of an intracranial mass causing compression of the optic nerve. Orbital apex syndrome in herpes zoster ophthalmicus. Foster kennedy syndrome is a very rare syndrome which includes ipsilateral optic atrophy and central scotoma, anosmia, contralateral papilledema, and, occasionally, ipsilateral proptosis.
Foster kennedy s syndrome fks is a rare neurological sign first described in 1911 by robert foster kennedy. Foster kennedy syndrome radiology reference article. Pseudofoster kennedy syndrome is defined as onesided optic atrophy. Conditions which produce injury or dysfunction of the second cranial or optic nerve, which is generally considered a component of the central nervous systemdamage to optic nerve fibers may occur at or near their origin in the retina, at the optic disk, or in the nerve, optic chiasm, optic tract, or lateral geniculate nuclei. The classical description of this rare condition, fosterkennedy syndrome, consists of four elements. Read more about symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, complications, causes and. An aggressive sphenoid wing meningioma causing foster kennedy syndrome. Foster kennedy syndrome is thought to be present in 1% to 2. Foster kennedy syndrome, a triad of optic atrophy in the ipsilateral eye, papilledema in the contralateral eye, and anosmia, is characteristically seen with these meningiomas. Clinical presentation the syndrome consists of two cardinal features 1,2. We describe a case of pseudo foster kennedy syndrome in a two year old boy with unilateral papilloedema due to. We are committed to sharing findings related to covid19 as quickly and safely as possible. In the absence of an intracranial mass these findings may be labelled as pseudo foster kennedy syndrome, typically due to bilateral sequential.
Foster kennedys syndrome fks is a rare neurological sign first described in 1911 by robert foster kennedy. Rarely, patients with pituitary adenoma may present with blindness in one eye and visual field cut temporal hemianopia in the contralateral eye. Pseudofoster kennedy syndrome due to unilateral optic nerve. Examination revealed acuity 2020 od and finger counting os, a left afferent pupillary defect, papilledema od, and optic atrophy os. There is no cure, and treatment can only ease some of the symptoms. B fundus picture of the left eye showing disc oedema with tortuosity of the peripapillary vessels. A fifty year old man presented with type 2 diabetes mellitus presented to us with. The syndrome was first extensively noted by robert foster kennedy in 1911, a british neurologist, who spent most of his career working in the united states of america. This occurs typically due to bilateral sequential optic neuritis or ischaemic optic neuropathy. In true fosterkennedy syndrome unilateral disc swelling is caused by a tumour on the inferior surface of the frontal lobe, compressing the optic nerve on one side with papilloedema contralaterally. In the pursuit of eugenic ends, these accomplished clinicians urged upon their colleagues and the public to adopt a program of sterilization for the feebleminded and euthanasia for the hopelessly unfit.
Daughters of patients with kennedys disease are also carriers and have a 1 in 2 chance of. An aggressive sphenoid wing meningioma causing foster kennedy. Jun 01, 2015 symptoms, risk factors and treatments of fosterkennedy syndrome medical condition fosterakennedy syndrome refers to a constellation of findings associated with tumors of the frontal. We will be providing unlimited waivers of publication charges for accepted articles related to covid19.
Foster kennedy syndrome describes the clinical syndrome of unilateral optic atrophy with contralateral papilledema caused by an ipsilateral compressive mass lesion. Foster kennedy syndrome produced by myelomatous deposits in. In literature it has been usually reported in cases of benign intracranial hypertension, ischemic optic neuropathies and optic nerve hypoplasia. Pseudofoster kennedy is described when there is pallor in one eye and disc edema in the contralateral eye in the absence of any intracranial mass. The word syndrome comes from the greek word sundrom, which means concurrence of symptoms, or from word sundromos, which means running together. A further note on the diagnostic value of retrobulbar neuritis in expanding lesions of the frontal lobes, with a report of this syndrome in a case of aneurysm of the right internal carotid artery. Foster kennedy syndrome definition of foster kennedy. He was one of the first doctors to use electroconvulsive treatment for mental conditions and one of the first to recognise and define shell shock in the first world war. This rare clinical entity is called foster kennedy syndrome fks. First described in 1911, the foster kennedy syndrome also known as gowerspaton kennedy syndrome originates from a retrobulbar compressive optic neuropathy commonly caused by sphenoid wing meningioma, frontal lobe glioma, optic neuroglioma, olfactory glioma, chiasmal glioma, and craniopharyngioma. Foster kennedy 44 described patients with ipsilateral disc pallor, secondary to optic nerve compression, and contralateral papilledema. The largest series, performed in germany by tonnis in 1962 found 28 cases of foster kennedy syndrome in a series of 3,033 patients with intracranial tumors. The syndrome of unilateral optic atrophy with papilledema of the opposite eye was first described in association with basofrontal tumors of the brain by paton in 1909.
Foster kennedy syndrome symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and treatment information for foster kennedy syndrome kennedy syndrome with alternative diagnoses, fulltext book chapters, misdiagnosis, research treatments, prevention, and prognosis. Pseudofoster kennedy syndrome due to unilateral optic. Kennedy s disease is caused by a genetic mutation of the androgen receptor gene on the x chromosome. Dec, 2011 foster kennedy syndrome is thought to be present in 1% to 2. The same ophthalmoscopic features however can be seen in the pseudo foster kennedy syndrome. A fundus picture of the right eye showing optic disc pallor. Pseudo foster kennedy syndrome is defined as onesided optic atrophy with papilledema in the other eye but with the absence of a mass. Jul 28, 2015 a 21yearold woman presented with headaches and left eye visual loss. In the absence of an intracranial mass these findings may be labelled as pseudofoster kennedy syndrome, typically due to bilateral sequential. Fosterkennedy syndrome an overview sciencedirect topics. Classically, the culprit lesion in foster kennedy syndrome is a subfrontal mass, typically a meningioma, which compresses the.
Lennox of harvard, wrote and spoke in favor of eugenics. Prognosis optic disc become atrophic within 48wks rate of recurrence same eye6. True foster kennedy syndrome is the combination of papilledema in one eye and pallor in the other eye due to a large mass lesion causing compressive optic neuropathy and increasing intracranial pressure. Although foster kennedy syndrome is equated with kennedy syndrome, it should not be confused with kennedy disease, which is named for w. He gives his name to fosterkennedy syndrome, the kaplankennedy test and kennedys syndrome. A 21yearold woman presented with headaches and left eye visual loss. True foster kennedy syndrome is very rare, and is typically caused by an olfactory groove meningioma. Mar 18, 2008 in true foster kennedy syndrome unilateral disc swelling is caused by a tumour on the inferior surface of the frontal lobe, compressing the optic nerve on one side with papilloedema contralaterally. Although robert foster kennedy noted it in 1911, william gowers had first described this constellation of symptoms 18 years before.
Preexisting optic atrophy precludes the development of papilledema, because there are no fibers to swell. C and d t2 weighted mri images in axial and sagittal view demonstrating a extraaxial, well circumscribed, homogenous, isointense mass lesion in the. Foster kennedy syndrome is a constellation of findings associated with tumors of the frontal lobe although foster kennedy syndrome is sometimes called kennedy syndrome, it should not be confused with kennedy disease, or spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy, which is named after william r. He was one of the first doctors to use electroconvulsive treatment for mental conditions and one of the first to recognise and define shell shock.
Left atrophy was unexplained until orbital mri revealed left nerve compression by the gyrus rectus figure, a, displaced by an intraventricular central neurocytoma figure, b. Giant pituitary adenoma presenting with fosterkennedy. Kennedys disease is caused by a genetic mutation of the androgen receptor gene on the x chromosome. Kennedy s disease is a rare inherited neuromuscular disorder that causes progressive weakening and wasting of the muscles, particularly the arms and legs.
To code a diagnosis of this type, you must use one of the four child codes of h47. Liang f, labetoulle m, ozanne a, dubernard g, proenca j, azria s, lasjaunias p, offret h le kremlinbicetre introduction. Left atrophy was unexplained until orbital mri revealed left nerve compression by the gyrus rectus figure, a, displaced by an intraventricular central. Agreement as to what constitutes the actual syndrome and what are the common causes of it does not exist. Between 1936 and 1960, two prominent american neurologists, foster kennedy of cornell and william g. Kennedys disease information page national institute of. Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about the bmj. C and d t2 weighted mri images in axial and sagittal view demonstrating a extraaxial, well circumscribed, homogenous, isointense mass lesion in the frontoparietal cortex with broad. The foster kennedy syndrome originally was described as a meningioma of the olfactory groove may implicate the olfactory bulb.
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